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Reference

The following reference articles are provided to help support the design, installation and optimized use of Pillow Plate heat exchangers. Pillow Plate heat exchangers are one of the most versatile heat transfer products on the market, which makes them preferred in many heating or cooling applications other fixed technologies.

BENEFITS OF USING HEAT TRANSFER COMPOUNDS

A heat transfer compound (HTC), often referred to as mastic or cement, is a putty-like compound designed and used to enhance the thermal performance of clamp-on style external heat exchangers…

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SELECTING PROPER METALLURGY

Selecting the best material for your heat exchanger is often a tradeoff between thermal efficiency, cost, corrosion resistance, cleanability, and durability. Each application will have its own specifications that need to be met…

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SELECTING HEAT TRANSFER FLUIDS

Thermal fluids are used to carry thermal energy in process heating and cooling applications. Water is the simplest, most obvious choice for heating and cooling applications. However, water has temperature limitations…

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HEAT RECOVERY What is waste heat?

The 2nd law of thermodynamics states that for a heat engine operating in a cycle producing work between two thermal reservoirs at different temperatures (hot source and cold sink) – no such engine can exist without…

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CLAMP-ON JACKET INSTALLATION STEPS

It is important to prepare a plan for the lifting and handling of the clamp-on section(s), as some designs can be heavy or have unpredictable center of gravities, which can make handling tricky…

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LATENT HEAT What is phase change?

The three basic states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. Because there are three basic states of matter, there are six different phase change processes that occur: melting, freezing, vaporization…

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Calculators

Power Flow Rate Temp Calculator

Calculate the electrical power, flow rate or temperature requirement.
airflow in standard cubic feet per minute
temperature rise in degrees F from the inlet to the exhaust
Watts = SCFM x ΔT/2.5

Temperature Conversion Calculator

Calculate the electrical power, flow rate or temperature requirement.
°F = ((( °C * 9) / 5 ) + 32)
°C = ((( °F - 32) * 5 ) / 9)

Three-Phase Unit Calculator

Fill in two values to find the 3rd.
W = LC * (V * √2)
V = (W / LC) / √2
LC = W / (V * √2)

Single Phase Unit Calculator

Fill in two values to find the 3rd.
W = LC * V
V = LC * W
LC = W / V

Ohms Law Calculator

Fill in two values to find the other two.

O = V / A

O = V² / W

O = W / A²

V = A * O = A * (V/A)

V = √(W * O)

V = W / A

A = V / O

A = W/ V

A = √(W / O)

W = A * V

W = V² / O

W = A² * O

Heat Transfer Through Convection Calculator

ρ = density (lb/ft3)

V = volume flow rate (ft3/hour)

Cp = specific heat (Btu/lb°F)

Ta-Tb = temperature differential (°F)

Q = ρ x V x Cp x (Ta-Tb)


Fill in four values

ρ = density (lb/ft3)
V = volume flow rate (ft3/hour)
Cp = specific heat (Btu/lb°F)
Ta-Tb = TD (°F)
Q = ρ x V x Cp x (Ta-Tb)

ACFM to SCFM

ACFM = airflow in actual cubic feet per minute

P = gage pressure (psi)

T = gas temperature °R = 460 + °F

SCFM = airflow in standard cubic feet per minute


Find Standard Cubic Feet per Minute based on data from your Actual Cubic Feet per Minute Rotameter

airflow in actual cubic feet per minute
gage pressure (psi)
gas temperature °R = 460 + °F
airflow in standard cubic feet per minute

Standard Flow Rate (SCFM) Calculator

Calculate the SCFM.
Actual cubic feet per minute
Actual pounds per square inch at Gauge
Actual temperature in °F. °R = 460 + °F
CFM * (PSI actual / 14.7psi)*(528°R / T actual)

Pressure Conversion

Fill in one value to calculate the other.
PSI = Bar * 14.504
Bar = PSI / 14.504

Mass Flow to volume Metric Flow

Fill in one value to calculate the other two
kg/h = Kilogram Per Hour (lb/min multiply by 27.216)
Lbs/min = Pounds per minute (kg/h divide by 27.216)
SCFM = Standard cubic feet per minute

Power Flow Rate Temp Calculator

Calculate the electrical power, flow rate or temperature requirement.
airflow in standard cubic feet per minute
temperature rise in degrees F from the inlet to the exhaust
Watts = SCFM x ΔT/2.5

Temperature Conversion Calculator

Calculate the electrical power, flow rate or temperature requirement.
°C = ((( °F - 32) * 5 ) / 9)
°F = ((( °C * 9) / 5 ) + 32)

Three-Phase Unit Calculator

Fill in two values to find the 3rd.
W = LC * (V * √2)
V = (W / LC) / √2
LC = W / (V * √2)

Single Phase Unit Calculator

Fill in two values to find the 3rd.
W = LC * V
V = LC * W
LC = W / V

Ohms Law Calculator

Fill in two values to find the other two.

O = V / A

O = V² / W

O = W / A²

V = A * O = A * (V/A)

V = √(W * O)

V = W / A

A = V / O

A = W/ V

A = √(W / O)

W = A * V

W = V² / O

W = A² * O

Heat Transfer Through Convection Calculator

ρ = density (lb/ft3)

V = volume flow rate (ft3/hour)

Cp = specific heat (Btu/lb°F)

Ta-Tb = temperature differential (°F)

Q = ρ x V x Cp x (Ta-Tb)


Fill in four values

ρ = density (lb/ft3)
V = volume flow rate (ft3/hour)
Cp = specific heat (Btu/lb°F)
Ta-Tb = TD (°F)
Q = ρ x V x Cp x (Ta-Tb)

ACFM to SCFM

ACFM = airflow in actual cubic feet per minute

P = gage pressure (psi)

T = gas temperature °R = 460 + °F

SCFM = airflow in standard cubic feet per minute


Find Standard Cubic Feet per Minute based on data from your Actual Cubic Feet per Minute Rotameter

airflow in actual cubic feet per minute
gage pressure (psi)
gas temperature °R = 460 + °F
airflow in standard cubic feet per minute

Standard Flow Rate (SCFM) Calculator

Calculate the SCFM.
Actual cubic feet per minute
Actual pounds per square inch at Gauge
Actual temperature in °F. °R = 460 + °F
CFM * (PSI actual / 14.7psi)*(528°R / T actual)

Pressure Conversion

Fill in one value to calculate the other.
PSI = Bar * 14.504
Bar = PSI / 14.504

Mass Flow to volume Metric Flow

Fill in one value to calculate the other two
Kg/h = Kilogram Per Hour (lb/min multiply by 27.216)
Lbs/min = Pounds per minute (kg/h divide by 27.216)
SCFM = Standard cubic feet per minute